마하르잔프라빈 Prabin Maharjan , 김판석 Pan Suk Kim

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 1-35, 2016

This study aims to critically analyze the recruitment and selection of the Nepalese civil service to identify the prevalent problems affecting recruitment and selection, as well as the factors contributing to the inadequacies of the exercise, and to suggest policy recommendations for further development of the Nepalese civil service. A qualitative research strategy using a comprehensive document review has been adapted to identify, analyze, and derive useful information from existing documents. It is found that Nepalese bureaucrats have low morale, low productivity, uncertain prospects for career development, and a weak reward and punishment system. Other challenges facing the Public Service Commission`s (PSC) recruitment and selection process include frequent changes in civil service rules and regulations along with changes in institutional structure, pervasive corruption in all echelons of administration, lack of political will and support to carry on civil service reform, and bureaucratic resistance. This study also found problems including limited practice of the principles of meritocracy and representative inclusiveness; lack of proper job descriptions in vacancy announcements; highly politicization and rampant corruption; continued practicing of the conventional selection approach; and improper utilization of the managerial, political, and legal approaches in the recruitment and selection process.

civil service, recruitment, selection, public service commission, Nepal, 공무원제도, 모집, 선발, 공무원인사위원회, 네팔

김건위 Kim Kun-wee , 현승현 Hyun Seung-hyun , 최인수 Choi In-su

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 37-62, 2016

This study is about the path-dependency analysis of Personal Seal Impression Certificate system in Korea. It was analyzed by two viewpoints - `positive feedback`(self-reinforcing factors) and `negative feedback`(self-restriction factors) in order to explain limits of its change and the establishment of a new system. First of all, the positive feedback is relaxation of issuance requirements and authorization for a legal representative to be issued And also, it became possible to build up a database of personal seal, to issue a seal by computer system and it was converted from a direct certification to an indirect method in order to reduce the burden of public officials. On the other hand, the negative feedback is the incidences of crime related to the seal certificate and reckless issuance of the certificate of a seal, which generated conflicts, both for and against the abolition of the certification system. It seems to reach the limits of the development of path of the Seal certificate due to the use of accredited certificate, sending text messages for privacy purposes and use of personal signature. According to the expansion of notary system, use of accredited certificate and the electronic power of attorney, verification of personal signature and the other alternatives, the personal seal certification system will be standing at the new crossroads of its keeping and discarding.`

인감증명제도, 역사적 신제도주의, 경로의존성 분석, Certificate of Seal Impression, Historical New Institutionalism, Path-dependency analysis

최예나 Choi Yena

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 63-86, 2016

The aim of this study is to analyze determinants of citizen perception on fairness in regional equity development policy focusing on moderating effects of central government`s and national assembly`s fairness. Theoretical rationales are categorized into personal characteristics, social capital and institutional capacities. As results of the analysis, social status, economic stability, personal trust, institutional capacities such as trust, fairness, communication influence citizen perception on fairness in regional equity development policy positively. But political ideologies and conflict between regions do negatively. Policy implications are suggested as follows: Citizen education, information provision for citizen and policy priority-based coordination of collaborative governance are necessary.

지역균형발전정책, 공정성, 중앙정부의 공정성, 국회의 공정성, regional equity development policy, fairness, social justice, national government`s and assembly`s fairness

유수동 Yoo Soo-dong , 전성훈 Jeon Sung-hun

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 87-115, 2016

In order to promote effectiveness of disaster management policy implementation, approach method of policy implementation is required to be reviewed and a formation of collaborative governance is required regardless of public sector and private sector. In this study, a relation between implementation factors and performance of the implementation of disaster management policy in comprehensive perspective considering collaborative governance and integrated approach method of policy implementation research is intended to be identified. Through this, implementation factors affecting implementation performance of disaster management policy is intended to be clarified and its institutional implication be deduced by surveying recognition of local government employees of Anseong City, Gyeonggido that is a local government and Anseong Fire Station belonged to disaster safety center of Gyeonggido that is a metropolitan government. As a result of the analysis, collaborative governance factor, top-down and bottom-up approach factor, organization resources factor was represented to exert a positive (+) influence on policy implementation performance factor. Based on this, this study presents some policy suggestions. As subjects of diversified levels are participated, a comprehensive approach is required in a policy implementation perspective. In order to ensure cooperation among subjects participating in disaster management, built-up of collaborative governance is required to be designed intentionally. In addition, role and job assignment between metropolitan government and local government are required to be specified clearly and in particular, local government is required to discretionary authority and expertise.

협력적 거버넌스, 재난관리, 정책집행연구, collaborative governance, disaster management, policy implementation research

이문수 Lee Moon-soo

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 117-143, 2016

The administrative reform demanded by neoliberalism requires both the public servants and citizens to become a specific type of subject. The object of the study is to explore what meanings the concept of neoliberal subject have in public administration by examining first the Foucault`s theory of subjectivation and secondly the psychoanalytic theories of Jacques Lacan and Slavoj Zizek. In this study, individuals are distinguished by the characteristics of split and lack. Those individuals desire to become a subject as a way to cover up their constitutive lack by engaging in the incessant activities of identification on the level of symbolic representation. However, those individuals cannot but fail. Ironically, even though they already know the inevitability of their failures, they continue self-identifying activities as a way of remaining in fantasy. In conclusion, the study argues that the attempt of subjectivation demanded by neoliberal administrative reforms will aggravate the degree of dependency and split of individuals unless we try to reveal ideology`s function of maintaining status quo through our activities of bringing out ideological fantasy into the level of consciousness, thereby traversing fantasy.

신자유주의, 행정개혁, Michel Foucault, Jacques Lacan, Slavoj Zizek, neoliberalism, administrative reform

윤석년 Yoon Shuk Nyun , 전정환 Joun Joung Hwan

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 145-166, 2016

About 30 years ago, Korea have gotten a democratized country. Also new governance of public broadcasting was settled. In today`s rapidly changing media landscape, public broadcasting is still the most influential media on the formation of public opinion. Despite the importance role of public broadcasting in democratic society, Korea`s public broadcasters such as KBS & MBC act their insufficient role during 30 years. As a result, They didn`t reflect the social demand for public sphere. The governance of public broadcasters is not independent from political power. All the nations adapted public broadcasting system including UK is now changing their governance system. Therefore the governance of public broadcasting system in Korea should be changed. The purpose of this study is the reformation of governance of public broadcasting, and solve the problem of ownership and operating structure. After the general election in Korea 2016, the Democratic Party got the dominant party. The party suggested new governance system of Korea`s public broadcasting. Over the short haul, General Assembly in Korea will be discussed the governance of public broadcasters. In order to protect political independence of Korea`s public broadcasters, it is necessary to the representative nature and speciality of council members, also necessary to introduce special majority voting system. Public broadcasting in Korea needs to find its own governance system.

공영방송, 지배구조, 거버넌스, 특별다수제, KBS, ownership, governance, Public Broadcasting, special majority voting system

이시철 Lee Shi-chul

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 167-198, 2016

While the issue of bureaucracy and democracy is neither new nor fully explored, the impact of Korea`s local bureaucracy on the country`s democratization has rarely been explored. This paper examines how the ideal values of political decentralization have interacted with the country`s local bureaucracy, which inherently has dark side in itself. The focus is on how local government employees have contributed, or responded, to the democratic change of their communities, particularly since the 1980s. At the outset, the experiences of Korea`s decentralization and local autonomy are briefly reviewed. It is then examined how the bureaucrats have played in the process of democratization in terms of three features: bureaucratic power, scope, and culture. We conclude that Korea`s local bureaucracy has contributed, at least in part, to the progress of democratization, helping design and implement the institutional system, certainly with a number of challenges ahead.

local bureaucracy, democracy, Korea, decentralization, local autonomy, 지방 관료제, 민주주의, 한국, 지방분권, 지방자치

길종백 Gil Jongbaik , 하정봉 Ha Jung-bong

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 199-227, 2016

In order to cope with restructuring of universities by a government and continuous declining of university enrollments, it has emerged as an important task to improve the efficiency of administrative organization. However, researches on administrative organization of region-centered national university in Korea have not much attempted. This study examined the behavior and perception of S university administrative staff on organizational management mainly by survey analysis. The results of examination indicate that the discretion of staff is somewhat constrained with monolithic organization. The New Public Administrative factors such as performance evaluation system have been partly introduced but a satisfaction level for these systems was low. Therefore, this study suggested practical ways for improving organizational efficiency such as the empowerment of self-organizing ability to the university, restructuring of administrative organization, promotion of internal entrepreneurship system, shaping common vision and mission for the effective performance evaluation system, strengthening the linkage between capability power-up program and performance evaluation.

대학구조조정, 지역 국립대학, 행정조직, 조직자율권, Region-centered National University, Administrative Organization, Self-Organizing Rights.

박기묵 Park Kimuck , 최준호 Che Jun Ho

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 229-250, 2016

This research argues to need of the self assessment of budgetary programs in local government in Korea under the environment of increasing social welfare budget makes decrease expenditure of other budgetary programs. This research measures the inter-corelation between rapidly increased social welfare budget and expenditure rate of budgetary programs. The result of the measurement is that an increasing expenditure of social welfare replaces an decreasing expenditure of other budgetary programs. In case of Kyeongbuk Province, the relationship between a curtailing budget and an decreasing expenditure of other budgetary programs is feeble. It means that an decreasing expenditure of budgetary programs have been carried out without the systematic review like the self assessment of budgetary program. Therefore, under the unavoidable trouble budgetary environment, applying the self assessment system of budgetary program will give a big help to have an effective budget curtailment.

재정환경, 재정사업, 재정사업평가, 지방자치단체, budgetary environment, budgetary program, self assessment of budgetary programs, local self-governance institution

도명록 Do Myung Rok , 성시경 Seong Si Kyung , 심희섭 Shim Hee Sub

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 251-274, 2016

This study aims to analyze the effects of both perceived quality of fire-fighting equipment and motivation on a firefighter`s intent to turnover. Using a South Korean sample of 15,014 firefighters, the negative relationship between perceived quality of fire-fighting equipment and turnover intention appears to be partially mediated by organizational commitment. Among two types of motivation, moreover, only intrinsic motivation has both direct and indirect effects on turnover intention. Interestingly however, the extrinsic motivation-turnover intention link is found to be fully mediated by organizational commitment. It should be noted that to improve the quality of fire-fighting equipment can be a key indicator to achieve better organizational performance, as well as that the organization should pay more attention to how to intrinsically motivate their firefighters.

소방공무원, 장비품질인식, 조직몰입, 이직의도, Firefighter, Equipment, Organizational commitment, Turnover intention

강영철 Kang Young C , 최낙범 Choi Nakbum

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 275-301, 2016

Performance management system(PMS) aims to enhance organizational performance through systematic measurement and sustainable management of performance and goals. Therefore, the success of PMS is determined by many factors relating overall operations and tasks of the organization. Previous studies have revealed that employee`s perception on operations and processes of the system can influence on effectiveness of it. However, empirical research on public organizations is still limited. Therefore, further research is needed to retest results of former studies and explore new influencing factors. This study attempts to examine influencing factors on employees` perception on expected effectiveness of PMS in police organization focusing on transparency. Measuring police performance is more complicated and difficult than that of other pubic organizations. Therefore, understanding multifaceted features of the police activities is crucial for the success of PMS. Especially, operating the system with transparency can be very influential in an organization like police which has rigidly hierarchical culture. In this study, we examined key factors influencing an individual`s attitude to the PMS using a survey data which was collected from 10,619 police officers. We also tested moderating effects of the perception of transparency. Results show that transparency, applicability, trust on indicators, understanding the system, job relevance, and trust on evaluators have positive and significant impacts on the dependent variable. Results also show that transparency have positive moderating effects on relationships between independent variables- applicability, understanding, job relevance- and the dependent variable. Based on the results, this article concludes with a discussion of the implications for our understanding of PMS in the police organization.

경찰조직, 성과관리, 기대효과, 투명성, 조절효과, Police organization, performance management system, expected effectiveness, transparency, moderating effects

임동완 Lim Dongwan , 유홍림 Yoo Hong-lim , 성시경 Seong Si Kyung

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 303-331, 2016

Higher tuition fees have threaten educational opportunities in Korea. The purpose of this study is to suggest alternatives that can provide more education opportunities through analysis of college tuition cost. This study summarizes the theoretical and practical discussions on tuition fees, and estimates the cost of university education through case analysis on a national university, based on discussions on the method of calculating tuition fees and the cost analysis model. The cost of college education is calculated through labor cost, operating cost, depreciation cost with direct cost and indirect cost. In addition, the introduction of the credit-based tuition system was discussed as a policy implication. The debate including the method of calculating tuition fees per credit, the attitudes of stakeholders, the revision of the legal regulations for enactment of tuition fees per credit, the level of credit-based tuition comparing current tuition system Although the credit-based tuition is expected to be logically superior to the existing tuition system, the further study on college tuition of in Korean higher education because the level of credit-based tuition is higher and opinions of stakeholders including students, parents, schools and governments are doubtful.

대학 등록금, 대학교육원가, 학점당 등록금제, college tuition, cost of university education, credit-based tuition

권일웅 Kwon Illoong

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 333-352, 2016

There exist growing arguments for improving openness of hiring in public administration. However, rigorous empirical evidence for the merits of openness of hiring in public administration is scarce. There also exist concerns that openness of hiring may reduce the motivation of existing civil servants and lead to favoritism and corruption. This paper proposes the theory of internal labor market as a theoretical framework for analyzing openness/closedness of hiring in public administration. Then, this paper empirically analyzes how closedness of hiring in public administration affects the level of corruption using cross-country data. In particular, instrument variable estimation is used to control for potential endogeneity problem. The evidence suggests that closedness of hiring in public administration leads to higher level of corruption in the public sector.

공직 임용 개방성, 부패, 도구변수, Openness of Public Administration, Corruption, Instrument Variable

김흥주 Kim Heung Ju , 강인호 Kang In Ho

DOI: Vol.23(No.3) 353-382, 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze regional inequalities and analyze the effect of tax reduction and exemption on financial inequality. Using the entropy index and the Gini coefficient, 159 local governments except Jeju Island were utilized to analyze the regional inequalities by dividing into five groups of Gyeonggi Province, Chungcheong Province, Gangwon Province, Jeolla Province and Gyeongsang Province. As a result of the analysis, relatively meaningful results were obtained. First, Regional inequalities of finance were higher in Jeolla Province and Gyeongsang Province compared to other regions. Second, inequality has increased largely after the tax exemption, but the reduction in inequality has been relatively small. When the demander was considered as the population, the inequality had worsened since the tax reduction and exemption was implemented mainly in Gyeongsang Province and Chungcheong Province. On the contrary, when the demander is based on the standard financial demand, the inequality between Chungcheong and Gangwon provinces deteriorated. Third, factor decomposition of each region, inequality in municipalities was more influential than inequality among municipalities in both year and financial sources. In particular, local tax exemption system worsened regional equity. Based on the results of this analysis, this study suggests policy implications for the tax reduction and exemption system.

지방자치단체, 지방세 비과세·감면, 재정형평성, local government, local tax reduction and exemption, financial equity